Abstract: This study proposes the integration of vertical solar chimney into the construction of makeshift shelters to achieve architectural integration and optimize indoor thermal comfort while reducing energy consumption through enhanced natural ventilation. Airpak numerical simulation and OpenStudio energy consumption simulation were conducted utilizing a zero-equation model. The results indicated that the integration of vertical solar chimney significantly improved the living environment in makeshift shelters, satisfying the thermal comfort living environment demand of human body throughout the year. Specifically, the predicted percentage of dissatisfied (PPD) decreased by a maximum of 43.7% in winter and 56.2% in summer. Additionally, the vertical solar chimney effectively enhanced energy efficiency of makeshift shelters, achieving a yearly energy saving rate of 24.3%. Therefore, the integration of vertical solar chimney offers valuable insights for improving the thermal environment of makeshift shelters and contributing to the realization of carbon peak goals.