Abstract: Pathogenic microorganisms are always a threat and challenge to global public health security due to their high incidence, wide spread and rapid mutation. In recent decades, the development of antiviral drugs has developed rapidly. In particular, fluorine-containing antiviral drugs have made a number of major breakthroughs in the fight against chronic viral infection, and also greatly improved the quality of life of the majority of patients. In this paper, the research progress of fluorine-containing drugs against hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, influenza virus, human immunodeficiency virus and corona virus disease 2019 was reviewed by reviewing relevant literature, in order to provide theoretical basis for the development and clinical use of antiviral drugs.