Abstract: Vehicles are prone to emergency braking failures in complex environments such as low visibility, continuous long downhills, and sharp turns, resulting in traffic accidents. To address this issue, a design of disc brakes for private vehicles was proposed. Firstly, SolidWorks, a three-dimensional software, was utilized to develop the disc brake model for private vehicles. Next, the brake model was imported into the finite element software ANSYS for further analysis. Then by analyzing the mechanical properties of components such as brake discs and friction pads under normal operating conditions, as well as the stress and temperature fields under extreme operating conditions, a structural scheme for optimization design was proposed. This study provides a theoretical basis for the structural design of disk brakes.