Abstract: The optical filtering experiment is one of the important experiments in the physical optics course. In this experiment, a Fourier lens is used to perform the Fourier transform on the spatial distribution function of an object to obtain its spectrum, which is then filtered through a series of optical elements. A digital image of the object in the experiment is captured using a camera, and the Fourier transform of this image is achieved through Matlab software programming, yielding the image spectrum. An ideal high-pass (low-pass) filter is then applied to the spectrum for filtering, resulting in a filtered image. The simulation results are compared with the experimental outcomes. This experimental simulation allows students to deeply understand the concepts related to Fourier transform and filtering operations in digital image processing technology, making the abstract theories more tangible and intuitive.