Effects of different solvent extraction on the volatile components of Chrysanthemum indicum var. aromaticum leaves

This study systematically explored the selective extraction differences of three solvents, namely, hexane, ethyl ether and dichloromethane, on the volatile components in Chrysanthemum indicum var. aromaticum leaves. Results demonstrated that hexane, ethyl ether and dichloromethane extracted 66, 27, and 103 volatile compounds respectively, with 129 non-overlapping constituents identified collectively. To verify the reliability of the results and screen out the characteristic volatile components, principal component analysis (PCA), orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA), and variable importance in projection (VIP) were integrated for modeling, ultimately identifying 34 characteristic volatile constituents that significantly discriminated solvent-specific extracts. Cluster analysis further revealed that the characteristic volatile constituents of n-hexane group were mainly terpenoids and alkanes. The ether group was mainly phenols and amides, and the dichloromethane group was dominated by terpenoids. Different solvents exhibited distinct selectivity in the extraction of volatile constituents fromChrysanthemum indicum var. aromaticum leaves. Among them, dichloromethane and n-hexane are more suitable for the extraction of terpenoids and alkanes, while ethyl ether has a better extraction effect on phenols and amides. These findings provide a scientific basis for optimizing extraction process of volatile constituents from Chrysanthemum indicum. var. aromaticum leaves.